Bậc 3 | Bậc 4 | Bậc 5 | |
Số câu | 14 | 12 | 9 |
Tỉ lệ (%) | 40 | 34,3 | 25,7 |
Trong bài nghe và nhận biết thông tin chi tiết, các bạn sẽ thường gặp các câu hỏi dạng sau:
Trong bài nghe suy diễn, nghe hiểu mục đích, quan điểm, thái độ của người nói và chức năng ngôn ngữ, các bạn sẽ thường gặp các câu hỏi dạng sau:
Người tham gia hội thoại nói gì? (về một thông tin trong bài).
Người tham gia hội thoại có khả năng là ai? Người tham gia hội thoại có khả năng đang ở đâu?
Loại câu hỏi này không chỉ kiểm tra đơn thuần nghĩa của các thành ngữ, thuật ngữ mà còn cả khả năng hiểu những yếu tố ngôn ngữ này trong bài nghe. Loại câu hỏi này thường có dạng:
SCRIPT
Questions 21 to 25. Listen to a talk about Gorilla tourism.
Good morning. My name is Paul Williams and I work as a doctor here at Bwindi Community Health Centre, which is in the village of Buhoma. It is about a mile from the northern entrance to the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest National Park, where tourists come to trek near the gorilla group habitats. (Q21) Tourism has undoubtedly benefited this area in many ways. Now, one of the things that it’s done is it’s made the area richer and there is a direct connection between economic wealth and health. Richer people, up to a point, are healthier people and many of the diseases that we encounter in this area are diseases of poverty.
Well … (Q22) This health centre costs about US$300,000 or £150,000 to run every year. The health centre running costs are covered by two different sources. One is by charging user fees and for the sustainability, the long term sustainability of an organisation like this, it’s really important that the community contributes something towards the cost of its health care. But we can only manage to get about 20% of our income from user fees. Now, if we ran the whole health centre on that, then the quality of healthcare that we delivered would be very low, but it would be sustainable. So … we make up the other 80% by donations from the gorilla tourism in this area. Part of my strategy as a fundraiser here is (Q23) to use the goodwill of tourists to help fund the health centre. It enables us to have doctors; it enables us to make sure that we have very high quality, highly trained staff here.
In the last year, through spraying inside all of the houses and by helping people to access mosquito nets, at prices that they can afford, we’ve managed to almost eliminate malaria – a big problem within this area. You can’t be complacent about a disease like malaria but malaria has become a rare disease, just within the last year, rather than a common disease. (Q24) I’m able to tell tourists these positive stories I’m able to, if people want …, to show them around the health centre and expose them to some of the work that we’re doing. Uhm … I’ve been very fortunate in that people have been good natured and kind enough to give either one-off donations or, (Q25) my strategy is, to try and get people tied into the health centre and make longer-term donations.
Ví dụ 1
21. What is the main idea of the talk?
A. An advantage of gorilla tourism
B. The introduction to gorilla habitat
C. The financial aspect of gorilla tourism
D. The diseases of poverty
The correct choice is option A. The information is stated at the beginning of the talk. The expression in the answer is a paraphrase of the phrase stated in the audio (“advantage of” and “benefited this area”). Options B, C, and D confuses listeners with information stated earlier or later in the same paragraph, but all of them are not main ideas. Although the main idea is stated in the recording, the language used and his line of argument is rather complex. This is an item of level 4.
Ví dụ 2
22. How much does it cost for the health center to operate annually?
A. 300,000 pounds
B. 150,000 pounds
C. 115,000 dollars
D. 350,000 dollars
The correct choice is option B. The information is stated in the second part of the talk. This is factual information, and it is clearly stated in the audio with exactly the same key word (cost). Option C confuses listeners with similar sounds (fifteen and fifty). Option A is also mentioned in the recording, but the unit of measurement has been changed. Option D is not mentioned. The question requires candidates to listen to a specific detail, and distinguish between similar-sounding words and closely similar detailed information in order to answer correctly. That is the why this question is more difficult than an item of level 3. This is an item of level 4.
Ví dụ 3
25. What is the ultimate target of the speaker’s fund raising strategy?
A. Engaging tourists to make lasting contribution
B. Encouraging tourists to visit the center once
C. Exposing tourists to the local health center
D. Educating tourists about gorilla’s diseases
The correct choice is option A. The information is stated at the end of the talk. This factual information is stated in the audio with both the key words in the question and all options paraphrased. Option B confuses listeners with similar sounds (one and once), but it has false information. Option C & D refer to other details also stated in the same part, but not the target of the speaker. The question requires candidates to listen to a specific detail and understand the complex line of argument. Also, they are expected to understand paraphrases in order to answer correctly. This is an item of level 5.